One of the issues raised in the relatively new areas of pistachio cultivation in Kerman province is the complete drying of pistachio trees. In this article, this problem is studied in two cities of Shahrbabak and Bardsir. Data was collected from 100 pistachio producers through a questionnaire in 2022. To calculate the optimal applied water, and determining the factors affecting the drying of pistachio trees, the production function and the logit model was used respectively. The results showed, factors of water, soil, climate and plant diseases play a role in the occurrence of pistachio tree drying in Shahrbabak and Bardsir. The amount of water consumption more than the water requirement of the tree has caused the pistachio trees to dry up. The results also showed that in pistachio orchards with clay texture, the probability of pistachio trees drying up is higher. On the other hand, as much as it is possible to increase its ventilation by amending the soil, the probability of drying of pistachio trees decreases. For example, the results showed that the use of organic, cow, sheep and chicken fertilizers reduces the probability of pistachio trees drying up. Also, more use of plow and piling next to the trees also prevents pistachio trees from drying up. Regarding the effect of diseases on the drying of pistachio trees, the results showed that two diseases, fungal infection (Phytophtora spp) and nematode had positive effects on increasing drying of pistachio trees in these two new pistachio plantation areas in Kerman province.